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FAQs
What are Bipolar Forceps Used for?
Bipolar forceps are surgical instruments designed for precision coagulation and vessel sealing. They are mainly used in neurosurgery, ophthalmology, ENT, and microsurgery to stop bleeding and protect surrounding tissue. Unlike traditional instruments, they pass electrical current only between the two tips, ensuring safe and localized coagulation.
What is the difference between monopolar and bipolar forceps?
The difference between monopolar and bipolar forceps is how they deliver electrical current.
- Monopolar forceps: Current flows from the instrument through the patient to a return electrode.
- Bipolar forceps: Current flows only between the two tips, giving surgeons precise control and reducing thermal spread.
What are different types of bipolar forceps?
- Straight (Cushing) — A straight, conventional profile suited to general microsurgical coagulation and vessel control; widely used in neurosurgery, plastics, and general surgery.
- Semkin (also called Semken) — A light, precision pattern favored in ophthalmic, ENT, and plastic procedures where controlled coagulation in delicate fields is required.
- Jeweler — An ultra-precise pattern used in ophthalmology, microvascular, and neurosurgical work for hemostasis on very small structures.
- Adson — A sturdy, ergonomic pattern commonly used in plastics, dermatologic, and ENT surgery for superficial soft-tissue hemostasis and controlled grasp-and-coagulate maneuvers.
- Jansen Bayonet — An offset “bayonet” design that keeps the surgeon’s hand out of the line of sight; ideal for deep or narrow corridors in ENT, skull-base, and cranial neurosurgery.
- McPherson — A spring-handle ophthalmic pattern providing fine control around the eye; used for precise coagulation in cataract, corneal, and oculoplastic procedures.
What's the history of bipolar forceps?
Bipolar forceps were developed in the mid-20th century to improve safety in electrosurgery. Surgeons needed a method to control bleeding in delicate microsurgery without current passing through the entire body. The introduction of bipolar technology provided precise coagulation and quickly became standard in neurosurgery and ophthalmology.
Who invented bipolar cautery?
Bipolar cautery was pioneered by neurosurgeon Dr. Leonard Malis in 1967. His invention of the bipolar coagulator revolutionized neurosurgery by enabling safe, localized vessel sealing without damaging nearby brain tissue. Today, Malis’ contribution remains a cornerstone of modern surgical practice.
